Pile fabric loom



3 Sheets-Sheet l J. A. COYLE P'ILE FABRIC Loom Filgd Oct. 6, 1930 Sept.29, 1931.

INVENTOR ATTORNEY Sept. 29 1931.

FILE FABRIC LOOM Filed Oct 6' 0 3 Sheetsv 2 lli , v TORNE Sept. 29,1931. J. A. COYLE PILE FABRIC LOOM Filed Oct. 6, 1930 3 Sheets-Sheet 5lNl ENTOR 1 4.43 11 BY ATTORNEY Patented Sept. 29, 1931 UNITED STATESPATENT OFFICE JOSEPH A. COYLE, OF AMSTERDAM, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TOIBIG-ELOW-SANFORD CARPET CO., INC., OF THOMP SONVILLE, CONNECTICUT, ACORPORATION OF MASSA- CHUSETTS PILE FABRIC LOOM Application filedOctober 6, 1930. Serial No. 4.-86,5 25.

This invention relates. to pile fabric looms employing weft insertingneedles, and pertains more particularly to Axminster looms whereincarriers are employed to present pile yarns to the weaving point inposltion to be secured to the fabric by the weft intro-v duced by a weftneedle.

In pile fabric looms of this general type it is customary to operate thelay with an uneven beat so that the beat-up movement of the lay will 'beretarded during the pile yarn inserting operation. This is desirable toprovide sufficient time for the yarn carrier' to insert a row of tuftforming yarns in the fabric.

The employment of an uneven beat in the operaton of the lay leads todifiiculties in the operation of the needle, since the latter must be soinserted and withdrawn that it will not interfere with the unequaltiming of the lay movement This difliculty has been taken care ofheretofore by operating the needle with a similar uneven beat or period,through the employment of means adapted to bring the needle to rest uponits withdrawal from the shed and start it again after a suflicient pauseto conform to the uneven lay movement, but the repeated starting andstopping of the needle subjects the needle actuating mechanism to severestrains and excessive wear and prevents the loom from operatingsmoothly.

An important feature of the present in- Axminster loom having a lay thatis operated with an uneven beat and a weft lnserting needle that isoperated continuously vention therefore resides in a pile fabric or witha start and stop motion as heretofore.

Other features of the invention and novel combination of parts inaddition to the above will be hereinafter described in connection withthe accompanying drawings which illustrate good practical forms of theinvention.

In the drawings I Fig. l is a side elevation with parts in section ofthe needle side of a pile fabric loom embodying the features of thepresent invention;

Fig. 2 is a to plan view of the shed and withdrawn'we t needle of Fig.1;

Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the needle operating mechanism of Fig.1;

Fig. 4 is a front elevation of a different type of needle operatingmechanism embodying the features of the present invention; and i Fig. 5is adiagrammatic view illustrating the uneven beat lay movement and theeven beat needle movement.

The features of the present invention may be employed with practicallyany type of pile fabric loom having an uneven beat lay movement and aweft inserting needle, and

as the operation of these looms is well understood in the weaving art,only the general outline of the loom proper and a few of its operatingparts have been illustrated.

Referring toFig. l the loom illustrated may have the usual side frames 1for supporting the operating mechanism and these side frames areprovided with the upwardly extendingcolumns 2 adapted to support orguide thetransporting chains?) which operate in a well-known manner toadvance the tube frames 4 to a position above the weaving point.

As each tube frame is advanced by the chains 3 to its lowermost positionit is engaged, in the construction shown by the transferrers 5'whichserve to carry the tube frame downwardly into position to cause the pileyarns supplied thereby to be laid between the warps, so that they willbe secured to the fabric by the weft threads. In the particularconstruction shown the auxiliary lever or levers 6 are provided forsupporting the lowered tube frame inter: mediate its ends and the lever6 as shown is operated by the cam actuated levers 7 and 8 whichcooperate with cams 9 upon the main or cam shaft 10.

The loom illustrated has the usual warp beams 11 and 12 which aresupported at the rear of the loom and the warp strands a pass from theirrespective beams about the whip rolls 13 and 14, and through the usualshedding mechanism, not shown, and as the fabric is woven it passes overthe breast beam 15 and about the spike or take up roll 16 as usual.

In pile fabric looms employing yarn tube frames it is the usual practicein presenting a row of tuft forming yarns to the fabric to holdthe'yarns adjacent the fabric until a binding weft thread has beeninserted. Under this condition a longer period of time is required toinsert a row of tuft yarns and the binding weft shot, than is requiredto merely insert a weft shot. It is therefore customary to operate theselooms with an uneven lay movement so as to provide a short pause betweenbeat-ups of the lay when a weft shot alone is inserted and a longerpause between beat-ups when both .pile yarns and a weft shot areinserted.

This unevenlay movement is commonly produced by operating the lay 17which is carried by the lay swords 18 through cam mechanism; The loomillustrated is constructed to laythree weft shots for each row of pileyarns. The lay operating cam 19 mounted upon the main shaft 10istherefore shown as having three cam projections 20 adapted to impart abeat-up movement to the roller 21 mounted upon the pivoted lever 22. Theupper end of the lever 22 is operatively connected by a link 23 to anarm 24 which extends downwardly from the rocker shaft 25.

The cam projections 20 are unevenly spaced about the axis of the shaft10 so as to impart the desired uneven beats to the lay, and since in thepresent case the lay heats up three times for one complete rotation ofthe main shaft, the projections 20 are so positioned that the anglebetween one pair of projections is slightly over 120 degrees while theangle between the other projections is slightly less than 120 degrees.

In the construction'illustrated in Fig. 5

of the drawings an angle of 130 degrees is provided between two of thecam projections 20 and an angle of 115 degrees is provided bet-weentheremaining cam projections 20. It will'be apparent, however, i

that the angle between these three cam projections may be different fromthat just mentioned.

The loom construction so far described forms no essential part of thepresent invention buthas been illustrated and briefly set forth to makeclear the novel operation of the weft inserting needle with an even beator period as will now be described.

The loom shown in Fig. 1 of the drawing has associated therewith theneedle operating mechanism best shown in Fig. 3.

This mechanism is supported by the frame 26 disposed at the right sideof the loom in position to be secured to the main frame 1 and the frame26 is shown as having the upwardly extending brackets 27 adapted tosupport the needle guiding rail 28, which is mounted opposite the openshed, as will be apparent from Fig. 3. This rail 28 is provided with theusual. needle supporting brackets or guides 29 adapted to slidablysupport the weft inserting needle 30. The means commonly employed formoving the needle 30 into and out of the shed comprises a rope or cable31, which is clamped or otherwise secured to a laterally extendingprojection 32 carried by the needle 30 and the cable 31 is operativelysupported by the desired number of grooved sheaves 33. The operatingmovement is imparted to the needle by attaching the opposite ends of therope or cable to a drum or scroll, a drum 34 being employed to this endin the construction shown in Fig. 3, whereas a scroll is employed forthis purpose in the modified construction of Fig. 4. In either case theends of the rope or cable are secured to the drum or scroll so thatrotation of the same will serve to wind up one end portion of the cableand unwind the other end portion thereof.

Since the lay of the present loom is operated with an uneven beat it isnecessary to so operatethe weft needle that it will not interfere Withthe unequal timing of the lay movement. This has been commonlyaccomplished heretofore by the employment of a mutilated gear adapted topermit the needle to come to rest for a sufficient period each time itis withdrawn from the lay to accommodate the uneven lay movement, butthe frequent starting and stopping of the needle is objectionable, andthe present invention contemplates means whereby a continuous travel maybe imparted to the needle throughout the operation of the loom while atthe same time the passage of the needle through the shed does notinterfere with the uneven lay movement. This desired needle operation issecured in accordance with the present invention by imparting apronounced over-travel to the needle upon withdrawing the same from theshed, so that the needle is caused to travel at one side of the shedduring the unequally timed movement of the -lay. The means illustratedin Figs. 1 and 3 of the drawings for large bevel gear 35 which issecured to an extension upon the main shaft 10 and this operatingtheneedle comprises a relatively is supported by the shaft 41 forrocking movement. The gear segment 40 operates a small gear 42 securedto the shaft 43 upon which the drum 34, above mentioned, is rigidlymounted. The arrangement is such that the needle 30 is operated by themechanism just described with a variable speed movement, but is movedcontinuously and not with an intermittent movement as has been customaryheretofore in looms of the type to which the present invention relates.

The cable operating mechanism just described is so constructed that itwill impart a pronounced over-travel to the needle 30, as will beapparent from Fig. 2 of the drawings, while the needle is operated withan even beat or period. When a short dwell occurs between the beat-upmovements of the lay the needle 30 may be advanced by its operatingmechanism to the position in which it is shown in dotted lines of Fig. 2

.as the shed opens, whereas when a longer dwell occurs between thebeat-up movements of the lay the needle may occupy the full lineposition of Fig. 2 as the shed opens.

It will be apparent from the foregoing that the needle is operated witbeat or period so that itcompletes one cycle of movement for each 120degree rotation of the main shaft 10, and that a pile row and one shotof weft are inserted while the main shaft is rotated through an angle of130 degrees, but that the next two cycles of lay beat-up movement willoccur during i the rotation of the main shaft through successiveianglesof 115 degrees, as will be apparent from Fig. 5. As a result of thisconstruction a smooth continuously oper- 'ating movement is imparted tothe needle without conflicting with the uneven beat imparted to the lay,and as a result a. much 6 smoother and more quiet needle operationployed heretofore.

is secured than in the constructions em The Weft thread 6 is shown inthe construction of Fig. 3 as supplied from the packages 44 and as thethread is drawn from .one 'of these packages it passes about-the desirednumber of guides 45 to the opening at the forward end of the needle asis usual, and the slack that occurs inthe weft thread I) may be taken upby the thread tensioning lever 46.

In the modified construction shown in Fig. 4 of the drawing the needleoperating mechanism is supported by a frame 47 and the needle 30 issupported by the needle guide rail 28 similar to the construction anQVBI] i shown in Fig. 3', so that the needle may be reciprocated by therope or cable 31, but'in this modified construction of Fig. 4 one end ofthe cable 31 is secured to a scroll 48 while the other end of the cableis secured to the adjacent scroll 49. The needle operating shaft 37 isdriven in the construction of Fig. 4 from the main shaft 10 through thecooperating bevel gears 35 and 36, the same as in Fig. 3, but in thismodified construction the shaft 37 is provided with the eccentric 50.This eccentric rotates in the eccentric strap 51 and this strap is operatively connected by the rod 52 to an arm 53, which arm is secured to therocking shaft 54, upon which shaft is rigidly mounted the segmental gear55. This segmental gear through the train of gears 56, 57 and58 drivesthe scroll supporting shaft 59 to impart the desired operating movementto the scrolls 48 and 49. The main shaft 10 in the construction shown isprovided with a large driving gear 60, which may be driven from anelectric motor or other source of power, not shown.

NVhile in the loom construction illustrated means are provided forsuccessively presenting the tube frames to the fabric being woven, thefeatures of the present invention are also applicable to looms employinggrippers or other forms of carriers for presenting the pile yarns to thefabric. I

What'is claimed is 1. Ina pile fabric loom, in combination, a weftinserting needle, a carrier for presenting pile yarns to. the weavingpoint,.a lay, means for operating the lay with an uneven beat to delayits, beat-up movement while the carrier is presenting the pile yarns tothe fabric, and means for operating the weft inserting needle with aneven beat or period'that does not vary with the uneven beat of the layand adapted to impart a ing a weft inserting needle and carrier forpresenting pile yarns to the fabric being woven, a lay, means foroperating the lav with an uneven heat so that a longer period of time isprovided between beatsduring the pile presenting operation of thecarrier,

and means for operating the weft inserting needle with an even beat orperiod that does not vary with the uneven beat of the lay and adapted toimpart a pronounced overtravel 'to the needle to accommodate thedifference in the operating time caused by the even beat movement of theneedle and'uneven beat of the lay.

3. In a pile fabric loom, in. combination, a weft inserting needle, acarrier for presenting pile yarns to the fabric being woven, a lay, amain shaft provided with cams for imparting unevenly timed beats to thelay to facilitate the laying of the pile yarns in the fabric, and gearmeans for operating the Weft inserting needle continuously from saidmain shaft with an even beat or period that does not Vary with theuneven beat of the lay and adapted to impart a pronounced over-travel tothe needle to accommodate its even beat movement to the uneven beat laymovement.

4. In a pile fabric loom, in combination, a weft inserting needle, acarrier for presenting pile yarns to the fabric being woven, a lay,means for operating the lay With unequally timed beats to facilitate thepile inserting operations, and means for operating the weft insertingneedle continuously with equally timed periods between the successiveneedle insertions and for imparting to the needle a pronounced overtravel away from the shed to facilitate the continuous operation of theneedle during the unequally timed beats of the lay.

5. In a pile fabric loom, in combination, a weft inserting needle, acarrier for presenting pile yarns to the fabric being W0- ven, a lay, amain shaft provided with cam means for operating the lay with twoequally timed beats and then with an increased period of time betweenthe second and third beat to thereby facilitate the insertion of thepile yarns, weft inserting needle continuously with equally timedperiods between the successive needle insertions and for imparting asuflicient over-travel dle to facilitate its continuous operation durtothe withdrawn neeing the unequally timed beats of the lay.

6. In a needle loom, shed forming mechanism, means for operating the layand shed forming mechanism, a weft inserting needle, and means forreciprocating the needle continuously without dwell and with an evenbeat or period and adapted to impart a pronounced overtravel to theneedle to thereby delay the needle inserting movement until the shed isopened and the lay is positioned topermit needle insertion.

7. In a pile fabric loom, in combination, a lay, shed forming mechanism,means for operating the lay and shed forming mechanism, a weft insertingneedle, and means for operating the needle continuously with equallytimed periods between the needle ifiSeItlOIlS and adapted to impart tothe neee a towards the shed to thereby delay the needle insertion-untilthe shed is opened and the lay is positioned to permit needle insertion.In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification.

JOSEPH A. COYLE.

and means for operating the V v in combination, a lay,

pronounced overtravel away from and

